Sector Results and Learning:
Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene
This Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Sector Results and Learning page is a repository of evidence generated by all MCC-funded WASH interventions. To promote learning and inform future program design, this page captures monitoring data from key common indicators, showcases recent and relevant evaluations, includes all agency lessons from completed WASH evaluations to-date, and links to learning that has been aggregated across completed evaluations in the sector.
What Do We Invest In?
MCC has funded $1.3 billion in WASH interventions as of June 2024. These interventions fall into the following categories: water infrastructure; sanitation and/or wastewater infrastructure; hygiene and other training; and drainage infrastructure; and are often complemented by investments in policy and institutional reform.
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Drainage Infrastructure
These programs address excessive economic loss caused by flooding by building water drainage infrastructure. -
Hygiene & Other Training
These programs complement infrastructure investments and aim to improve hygiene and sanitary practices around water collection, storage, and use and the safe disposal of waste. -
Sanitation and/or Wastewater Infrastructure
These programs address inadequate access to sanitation by investing in sanitation and/or wastewater infrastructure and supporting water utility strengthening. -
Water Infrastructure
These programs address inadequacies in water supply, quality, or access by investing in water, sanitation, or wastewater infrastructure, and supporting utility strengthening.
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Hygiene & Other Training
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Sanitation and/or Wastewater Infrastructure
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Water Infrastructure
Cabo Verde is a water‐scarce archipelago that relies on energy‐intensive desalinization of water for most of its municipal water needs. A WASH project aimed to create the conditions under which national water resources could be optimally and sustainably used. -
Hygiene & Other Training
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Water Infrastructure
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Sanitation and/or Wastewater Infrastructure
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Hygiene & Other Training
A Human Development project increased physical and social infrastructure in El Salvador’s Northern Zone, which includes half of its poorest municipalities, by investing in vocational education, better water and sanitation services and improved energy supply. -
Water Infrastructure
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Water Infrastructure
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Sanitation and/or Wastewater Infrastructure
MCC funded the rehabilitation of municipal infrastructure for water supply and wastewater in five cities. As a result of the compact amendment, projects in Borjomi, Kutaisi and Kobuleti have received additional funding to expand water service. -
Water Infrastructure
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Water Infrastructure
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Hygiene & Other Training
Improved water and sanitation systems were provided to local farming communities to enhance the sustainability of an Agriculture Project and build the necessary infrastructure to improve health and productivity. -
Water Infrastructure
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Hygiene & Other Training
Indonesian health staff and volunteers were trained in community awareness creation for sanitation and hygiene to support a broader stunting reduction program. Grants also supported market-driven solutions for complementary safe water and sanitation needs. -
Hygiene & Other Training
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Water Infrastructure
Improved water delivery, extension of a wastewater collection network, and expansion of a wastewater treatment plant transformed Jordan’s infrastructure, to create new opportunities for growth and stability in one of the most water-poor countries in the world. -
Water Infrastructure
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Water Infrastructure
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Sanitation and/or Wastewater Infrastructure
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Hygiene & Other Training
MCC supported Lesotho’s vision to increase water availability for household and industrial use, enhance watershed management and conservation methods, rehabilitate health infrastructure and strengthen health systems, and remove barriers to private investment. -
Water Infrastructure
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Water Infrastructure
The Liberia Compact rebuilt a water pipeline that is expected to improve raw water quality, reduce the cost of pumping water to the treatment plant, and provide a more consistent supply of potable water to meet the expanding demand throughout Monrovia. -
Water Infrastructure
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Water Infrastructure
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Sanitation and/or Wastewater Infrastructure
MCC's Mongolia Water Compact aimed to provide a sustainable supply of water and stem the impact of an impending water crisis and supporting private sector-led economic growth. -
Water Infrastructure
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Water Infrastructure
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Sanitation and/or Wastewater Infrastructure
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Hygiene & Other Training
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Drainage Infrastructure
The Compact was designed to improve access to safe, reliable water supplies and sanitation services—recognizing that lack of access to these resources is a barrier to growth and health—and aimed to increase productivity and reduce waterborne diseases. -
Water Infrastructure
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Water Infrastructure
The Water Sector Reform and Regulatory Strengthening Projects aimed to support government reform efforts to water sector institutions, test improved business practices, reduce water loss, and pilot a public-private partnership model for public water kiosks. -
Water Infrastructure
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Water Infrastructure
The compact’s Water Sector Project was designed to improve water production and treatment infrastructure in the cities of Dar es Salaam and Morogoro in order to increase the supply of treated water in the system. -
Water Infrastructure
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Sanitation and/or Wastewater Infrastructure
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Hygiene & Other Training
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Drainage Infrastructure
The Water, Sanitation and Drainage Project aims to reduce contamination in drinking water and groundwater by building Dili’s first sanitation network, producing chemical disinfectant, and advancing policy reforms and social and behavior change. -
Sanitation and/or Wastewater Infrastructure
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Drainage Infrastructure
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Hygiene & Other Training
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Sanitation and/or Wastewater Infrastructure
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Water Infrastructure
This water-focused compact invested in water supply, sanitation, and drainage infrastructure with the goal of decreasing water-related diseases, generating time savings for households and businesses, and mitigating business and residential flood losses. -
Drainage Infrastructure
What Have We Completed So Far?
MCC and its country partners develop and tailor Monitoring and Evaluation Plans for each program and country context. Within these country-specific plans, MCC uses common indicators to standardize measurement and reporting within certain sectors. See below for a subset of common indicators that summarize implementation achievements across all MCC WASH investments as of March 2024.
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73,116
individuals trained in social and behavior change
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32,831
sanitation facilities constructed
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1,661
kilometers of water pipelines constructed or replaced
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220
millions of liters per day of water production capacity added
What Have We Achieved?
MCC commissions independent evaluations, conducted by third-party evaluators, for every project it funds. These evaluations hold MCC and country partners accountable for the achievement of intended results and also produce evidence and learning to inform future programming. They investigate the quality of project implementation, the achievement of the project objective and other targeted outcomes, and the cost-effectiveness of the project. The graphs below summarize the composition and status of MCC’s independent evaluations in the WASH sector as of July 2024. Read on to see highlights of published interim and final evaluations. Follow the evaluation links to see the status of all planned, ongoing, and completed evaluations in the sector and to access the reports, summaries, survey materials, and data sets.
Highlighted Evaluations
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Read this Evaluation Brief to learn the results of MCC’s Zambia Compact Water Supply, Sewerage, and Drainage Project, which aimed to rehabilitate and extend infrastructure and strengthen the institutional capacity of water utility. -
Read this Evaluation Brief to learn the results MCC’s Sierra Leone Threshold Program which focused on strengthening regulatory systems, improving water utility operations, and increasing access to clean and reliable water in greater Freetown. -
Read this Evaluation Brief to learn the results of a project from MCC’s Cabo Verde II Compact that aimed to improve water and sanitation service delivery, increase households’ productivity, increase sector funding, and make government spending more efficient. -
Read this Evaluation Brief to learn the final results of the Water Pipeline Sub-Activity, a water infrastructure component of MCC’s Liberia Compact, that aimed to improve water supply in Liberia.
What Have We Learned from Our Results?
To link the evidence from the independent evaluations with MCC practice, project staff produce an MCC Learning document at the close of each interim and final evaluation to capture practical lessons for programming and evaluation. Use the filters below to find lessons relevant to your evidence needs.
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How Have We Aggregated Learning Across the Sector?
MCC has developed a Principles into Practice paper using evidence from completed independent evaluations in the WASH sector – Principles into Practice: Lessons from Evaluations of MCC Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Programs. The Principles into Practice series offers a frank look at what it takes to make the principles MCC considers essential for development operational in the projects in which MCC invests. The learning captured in this paper informs MCC’s ongoing efforts to refine and strengthen its own model and development practice in the WASH sector. MCC hopes this paper will also allow others to benefit from, and build upon, MCC’s lessons.