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  • Congressional Budget Justification (CBJ):  Congressional Budget Justification, FY 2025
  • March 2024

Annual Performance Report

Compact Amounts at Signing and Key Dates

Compact Amounts at Signing and Key Dates
Partner Country Compact Amount* (in millions) Signed Entry Into Force Compact End Date
Madagascar $109.8 04/18/2005 07/27/2005 08/31/2009
Honduras $215.0 06/14/2005 09/30/2005 09/30/2010
Cabo Verde $110.1 07/05/2005 10/18/2005 10/18/2010
Nicaragua $175.0 07/15/2005 05/26/2006 05/26/2011
Georgia $395.3 09/12/2005 04/07/2006 04/07/2011
Benin $307.3 02/22/2006 10/06/2006 10/06/2011
Vanuatu $65.7 03/02/2006 04/28/2006 04/28/2011
Armenia $235.7 03/27/2006 09/29/2006 09/29/2011
Ghana $547.0 08/01/2006 02/16/2007 02/16/2012
Mali $460.8 11/13/2006 09/18/2007 08/24/2012
El Salvador $460.9 11/29/2006 09/20/2007 09/20/2012
Mozambique $506.9 07/13/2007 09/22/2008 09/22/2013
Lesotho $362.6 07/23/2007 09/17/2008 09/17/2013
Morocco $697.5 08/31/2007 09/15/2008 09/15/2013
Mongolia $284.9 10/22/2007 09/17/2008 09/17/2013
Tanzania $698.1 02/17/2008 09/17/2008 09/17/2013
Burkina Faso $480.9 07/14/2008 07/31/2009 07/31/2014
Namibia $304.5 07/28/2008 09/16/2009 09/16/2014
Senegal $540.0 09/16/2009 09/23/2010 09/23/2015
Moldova $262.0 01/22/2010 09/01/2010 09/01/2015
Philippines $433.9 09/23/2010 05/25/2011 05/25/2016
Jordan $275.1 10/25/2010 12/13/2011 12/13/2016
Cabo Verde $66.2 02/10/2012 11/30/2012 11/30/2017
Indonesia $600.0 11/19/2011 04/02/2013 04/02/2018
Malawi $350.7 04/07/2011 09/20/2013 09/20/2018
Zambia $354.8 05/10/2012 11/15/2013 11/15/2018
Georgia $140.0 07/26/2013 07/01/2014 07/01/2019
El Salvador $277.0 09/30/2014 09/09/2015 09/09/2020
Ghana $315.9 08/05/2014 09/06/2016 06/06/2022
Benin $391.0 09/09/2015 06/22/2017 06/22/2023
Liberia $256.7 10/02/2015 01/20/2016 01/20/2021
Morocco $460.5 11/30/2015 06/30/2017 03/31/2023
Niger $442.6 07/29/2016 01/26/2018 01/26/2024
Côte d’Ivoire $536.7 11/07/2017 08/05/2019  
Mongolia $350.0 07/27/2018 03/31/2021  
Senegal $550.0 12/10/2018 09/09/2021  
Nepal $500.0 09/14/2017 08/30/2023  
Burkina Faso $450.0 08/13/2020 Terminated  
Lesotho $300.0 05/12/2022    
Kosovo $202.0 07/15/2022    
Timor-Leste $420.0 07/18/2022    
Malawi $350.0 09/28/2022    
Benin (regional) $202.0 12/14/2022    
Niger (regional) $302.0 12/14/2022    
Indonesia $649.0 04/13/2023    
Mozambique $500.0 09/21/2023    

* The values above are the signed compact amounts, except for the compacts that were extended in 2020-2021, which reflect the revised amounts. They do not reflect lower actual expenditures due to early terminations or funds not being fully spent.

Compact Commitments, Obligations, and Plan By Fiscal Year of Appropriation

Developing Compacts
Planned Funding - As of December 2023
Country Program Fiscal Year of Appropriation
2012 & Prior 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Total
Tunisia                              
Sierra Leone               15 80     285 100   481
Belize                       15 110   125
Regional Energy Cote d’Ivoire               100       25 165   300
Zambia                         275 175 450
Togo                           390 390
The Gambia                           85 85
Regional Senegal                             -
Regional Cabo Verde                             -
Planned - - - - - - - 115 80 - - 335 650 650 1,831
Active Compacts
Planned Funding - As of December 2023
Country Program Fiscal Year of Appropriation
2012 & Prior 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Total
Cote d’Ivoire 53 9 272 10 26 167             537
Indonesia 127   3   135     113 136 35 81 20 649
Kosovo               50   76 76   202
Lesotho     145         113 43       300
Malawi                 27 243 80   350
Mongolia 100     1   95 154           250
Mozambique               92     117 291 500
Nepal 108 10   69 107 129 77           500
Niger 58       379       6       443
Regional Transport Benin                     202   202
Regional Transport Niger                   300 2   302
Senegal 21   1       447 81         550
Timor-Leste                 330   90   420
Committed and Obligated 466 19 420 80 647 391 678 449 542 654 647 311 5,304
Closed Compacts
Obligations - As of December 2023
$’s in millions
Country Program Fiscal Year of Appropriation
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Total
Armenia   177                               177
Benin   302                               302
Benin II     6       10     207   167           389
Burkina Faso         475                         475
Burkina Faso II                               2 3 5
Cabo Verde 109                                 109
Cabo Verde II                 66                 66
El Salvador     362 88                           450
El Salvador II         8       105 158               271
Georgia 290 24   17 56                         387
Georgia II                 139                 139
Ghana   536                               536
Ghana II     24             273 14             311
Honduras 204                                 204
Indonesia   49           425                   474
Jordan           55 218                     273
Lesotho       358                           358
Liberia                       238           238
Madagascar 86                                 86
Malawi             208 137                   345
Mali     434                             434
Moldova 90 16 8 1 9 86 49                     259
Mongolia       269                           269
Morocco   72 578                             650
Morocco II     3 14 14 21 8 50 3 1 165 163         7 449
Mozambique       448                           448
Namibia       219 76                         296
Nicaragua 113                                 113
Philippines             385                     385
Senegal           433                       433
Tanzania         695                         695
Vanuatu   65                               65
Zambia                 332                 332
Total Closed Compacts 891 1,242 1,415 1,414 1,332 596 878 611 645 638 179 567 - - - 2 9 10,420

Threshold Program Amounts at Signing and Key Dates

Threshold Program Amounts at Signing and Key Dates
Partner Country Threshold Program Amount* (in millions) Signed End Date
Burkina Faso $12.9 07/22/2005 09/30/2008
Malawi $20.9 09/29/2005 09/30/2008
Albania $13.9 04/03/2006 11/15/2008
Tanzania $11.2 05/03/2006 12/30/2008
Paraguay $34.6 05/08/2006 08/31/2009
Zambia $22.7 05/22/2006 02/28/2009
Philippines $20.7 07/26/2006 05/29/2009
Jordan $25.0 10/17/2006 08/29/2009
Indonesia $55.0 11/17/2006 12/31/2010
Ukraine $45.0 12/04/2006 12/31/2009
Moldova $24.7 12/15/2006 02/28/2010
Kenya $12.7 03/23/2007 12/31/2010
Uganda $10.4 03/29/2007 12/31/2009
Guyana $6.7 08/23/2007 02/23/2010
São Tomé & Principe $8.7 11/09/2007 04/15/2011
Kyrgyz Republic $16.0 03/14/2008 06/30/2010
Niger $23.1 03/17/2008 12/31/2015
Peru $35.6 06/09/2008 09/30/2012
Rwanda $24.7 09/24/2008 12/31/2011
Albania $15.7 09/29/2008 07/31/2011
Paraguay $30.3 04/13/2009 07/31/2012
Liberia $15.1 07/06/2010 12/15/2013
Timor-Leste $10.5 09/22/2010 03/31/2014
Honduras $15.7 08/28/2013 05/31/2019
Guatemala $28.0 04/08/2015 10/31/2021
Sierra Leone $44.4 11/17/2015 03/31/2021
Kosovo $49.0 09/12/2017 09/30/2022
Togo $35.0 02/14/2019  
The Gambia $25.0 11/16/2021  
Solomon Islands $20.0 01/22/2022  
Kenya $60.0 09/19/2023  
Kiribati $29.1 09/25/2023  

* Please note that the values above are the signed threshold program amounts and do not reflect lower actual expenditures due to early terminations or funds for a threshold program not being fully spent.

Results of Recently Closed Compacts

Morocco Employability and Land Compact

MCC’s compact with the Government of Morocco was designed to address two key binding constraints to economic growth which were also key priorities for the Moroccan Government: (1) the quality of education and its responsiveness to private sector needs, and (2) land productivity. The Education and Training for Employability Project piloted projects designed to improve the quality and relevance of secondary education and technical and vocational training, in partnership with local communities and with the private sector. These projects also included significant policy reforms to ensure sustainability of the investments and an environment where students could more easily move from the educational system to the job market.

Independent evaluations found that the $113 million Secondary Education Activity had been well-implemented and well-received by teachers, school administrators, and students, and that there are promising signs that the changes promoted by the intervention have increased student engagement and learning.

The Integrated School Improvement Model centered on (1) strengthening the administrative and financial autonomy of schools, (2) promoting student-centered pedagogy, and (3) improving the overall physical learning environment. The model, implemented at 90 schools, supported parents, teachers, and school administrators to jointly develop integrated and locally managed school improvement plans, launch clubs or extracurricular activities, and identify other school priorities. The Moroccan Ministry of Education is nationalizing this approach to school management due to the popularity of the program, though there are concerns that the program may be less effective as the Government of Morocco has fewer resources than anticipated to implement this proposed program.

To promote student-centered learning, the activity developed a series of teacher training modules, focused on both teaching best practices and specific subject areas. Students and teachers reported changes in teaching approaches that promote active learning and greater student participation. As with the school improvement plans, the Ministry of Education has decided to nationalize the online trainings by making them available to all teachers.

Finally, the project improved school infrastructure by building new science labs and multipurpose rooms; rehabilitating old buildings, particularly updating bathrooms; and providing schools with needed equipment such as IT equipment and science supplies. Improvements were completed at all intended schools, and students, teachers, school administrators, and parents generally reported being happy with the improvements. MCC will further investigate the initial findings in 2025 to determine the longer-term impacts and sustainability of the program, including whether the program impacted student learning.

The Education and Training for Employability Project also focused on modernizing labor market statistics, upgrading student evaluation systems, and testing a results-based financing model for job insertion for marginalized youth and women. The compact funded the construction and rehabilitation of 15 technical and vocational training centers in Morocco, with construction completed on 14 of these centers by the compact end date of March 31, 2023, with the Government of Morocco having completed the final center in summer 2023. Additionally, 280 companies participated in the Professional Equality Trophy contest, a competition sponsored by the Ministry of Economic Inclusion which rewards companies for initiatives to recruit and retain women in the workplace.

The Land Productivity Project was designed to increase land productivity in Morocco by enabling land markets to better respond to investor demand and by strengthening the enabling environment for investment in land, particularly for industrial and collectively owned land. The compact also helped the Moroccan government to deliver land ownership rights via a faster and more-inclusive process, with land titles established for over 95% of the 56,000 hectares covered by the project by March 2023. In addition, MCA-Morocco and the Government of Morocco signed two public-private partnership (PPP) agreements for new industrial zones, which represent the first-ever industrial zones operating under a PPP model in Morocco, in addition to funding 9 industrial zone projects across the country through the Fund for Sustainable Industrial Zones, which is now being replicated by the Moroccan Ministry of Industry. Finally, the compact supported land governance policies and reforms, which included the establishment of a Center of Inclusion for Women in Land, a center designed to provide information to women about their land rights which included a national communications campaign. The compact ended on March 31, 2023, with 98% of the $460.5 million compact having been successfully disbursed.

Preliminary Results (as of compact end date)
Education and Training for Employability Project
  • Workforce Development Activity
    • 5,187 of 5,531 targeted participants completed training offered by the results-based financing job placement program
    • 2,069 of 4,168 targeted participants were initially placed in a formal job
    • 280 companies participated in the Professional Equality Trophy contest (no target established)
  • Secondary Education Activity
    • 1,950 classroom instructors in compact-supported schools completed at least two training modules (no target established)
    • Compact-funded schools were, for the first time, provided funding by the Government of Morocco to address their school’s priorities as part of a School Improvement Plan which the school communities developed through a participatory process. By the end of the compact, the 90 schools disbursed $3.4 million (an average of $38,000 per school) to address their schools’ unique needs
    • 89 of the 90 targeted educational facilities had their rehabilitation works substantially completed by the end of the compact
    • 88,451 students participated in MCC-supported education activities, exceeding the target of 80,719
Land Productivity Project
  • Land Governance Activity
    • The Center for the Inclusion of Women in land was created on December 23, 2022
    • 246 stakeholders were trained (no target established)
  • Rural Land Activity
    • 45,461 of the 48,209 targeted right holders and heirs received a title
    • 54,577 of the 60,868 targeted hectares of collective land were transferred to private ownership
  • Industrial Land Activity
    • 568 stakeholders were trained (no target established)
    • $51,571,668 of private financing leveraged through PPP (no target established)
    • $44,508,163 of external resources were leveraged in grant agreements (no target established) (for FONZID)

Benin Power Compact

The $391 million Benin Power Compact was implemented over six years, from 2017-2023, with an additional year granted by the U.S. Congress because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Compact results include the following:

  • The capacity of Benin’s electric power grid was tripled, as measured by high and medium-voltage transformer capacity.
  • 19 substations and 878 kilometers of power lines were built or rehabilitated, and successfully commissioned.
  • Principal and back-up electricity dispatch and control centers were built and commissioned, enabling real-time power grid monitoring, command, and control for the first time.
  • Benin adopted a policy, strategy, master plan, and regulatory framework for off-grid electrification that has been hailed as a model for West Africa.
  • Benin’s power utility reached profitability through a 15% electricity tariff increase.
  • Benin adopted a framework for independent power producers.
  • A transaction for 50 megawatts of solar photovoltaic generation capacity reached commercial close, although financial close failed.
  • Hazardous materials treatment platforms were built to manage transformer oils and contaminated soils.

An independent evaluation of the Benin Power Compact’s $31 million Off-Grid Electricity Access Project found that the project facilitated over 42,700 new connections, meaning that an estimated 210,000 people gained access to electricity, many for the first time. The new regulatory framework ensured private interest and investment in the off-grid sector, and the grant facility leveraged over $30 million in private sector funding. However, the number of new connections fell short of the compact’s ambitious 66,000 target, and the compact timeline was insufficient to both fully implement the new framework and to allow all envisaged grant facility investments to be made. MCC has drawn important lessons from this project on how to efficiently implement a grant facility, especially in a nascent sector, such as in Benin’s off-grid energy sector. The Benin Power Compact ended on June 22, 2023, with a 99.5% disbursement rate.

Compact Modifications

Program Project/Activity Programmatic Change Description
Nepal Electricity Transmission Project (ETP); Road Maintenance Project (RMP) The modifications increased the budget of the ETP through reallocation within the existing grant funding and an increase of $67 million in the Government of Nepal contribution to help fund the 18km cross-border segment of the Transmission Lines Activity and expanded substation bay capacity under the Substations Activity of the ETP. The modifications to the RMP changed the scope to increase planned full depth reclamation (FDR) work under the Pavement Recycling sub-activity, expanding the segment length that would use FDR while reducing the length of road that would undergo periodic maintenance under the Compact. Modification completed in May 2023 addressed the following:

(1) On the Electricity Transmission Project, increased the estimated costs of the Transmission Line Activity by $25.3 million, and increased estimated costs of the Project Management Activity by $14 million, with the cost increases covered by $22.3 million in funds reallocated from the Substations Activity, Monitoring and Evaluation, and Program Administration and $17 million in funds from the additional government contribution; and (ii) within the Program Administration budget, reallocated $5.8 million from the Procurement/Fiscal Agent Activity to MCA-Nepal Administration.

(2) Changes in Scope: on the Road Maintenance Project, increased the kilometers of FDR work to approximately 40 km; and reduced kilometers of periodic roads maintenance from a maximum of 305 km to a maximum of 90 km.
Senegal Transmission Project   Modification approved in May 2023 to address a $30 million budget shortfall in Transmission Project contingencies. The Government of Senegal agreed to cover the shortfall, which allowed the contract for the undersea transmission cable to be signed.

Transmission Project and Access Project

 Partial descope of the Grid Stabilization Activity under the Transmission Project

Modification approved in January 2024 to partially descope an activity under the Transmission Project and reallocate funds within and between the Transmission and the Access Projects totaling $23.2 million. The modification was needed to address budget shortfalls in both projects caused by inflationary market pressures and revised project costs.
Benin Electricity Distribution Project N/A $3 million reallocation approved May 2023 for purchase of additional grid-strengthening equipment and to complete electricity dispatch and control center

Estimating Compact Beneficiaries and Benefits

Under MCC’s results framework, beneficiaries are defined as an individual and all members of his or her household who will experience an income gain as a result of MCC’s interventions. MCC considers that the entire household will benefit from the income gain and counts are multiplied by the average household size in the area or country. The beneficiary standard makes a distinction between individuals participating in a project and individuals expected to increase their income as a result of the project. Before signing a compact, MCC estimates the expected long-term income gains through a rigorous benefit-cost analysis. MCC may reassess and modify its beneficiary estimates and/or the net present value when project designs change during implementation.

Compact Estimated Number of Beneficiaries Estimated Net Benefits over the Life of the Project (Net Present Value)2
Armenia 428,000 $150,429,000
Benin 14,059,000 $140,400,000
Benin Power 11,000,000 ($14,200,000)
Benin-Niger Regional 1,600,000 $28,040,000
Burkina Faso 1,181,000 ($127,737,000)
Cape Verde 385,000 $84,600,000
Cape Verde II 604,000 $72,000,000
Cote d’Ivoire 11,300,000 $493,100,000
El Salvador 706,000 $262,100,000
El Salvador Investment 6,446,000 Forthcoming
Georgia 143,000 $166,000,000
Georgia II 1,166,000 $106,300,000
Ghana 1,217,000 $520,400,000
Ghana Power 7,800,000 ($31,000,000)
Honduras 1,705,000 $252,500,000
Indonesia 51,500,000 $129,700,0003
Indonesia Infrastructure and Finance3 28,000 $58,882,000
Jordan 3,000,000 $89,300,000
Kosovo3 1,800,000 Forthcoming
Lesotho 1,041,000 $75,500,000
Lesotho Health and Horticulture 2,591,000 ($17,404,000)
Liberia 3,273,000 ($43,000,000)
Madagascar 480,000 $46,800,000
Malawi 983,000 $234,100,000
Malawi Transport and Land 5,394,000 Forthcoming
Mali 2,837,000 $136,300,000
Moldova 414,000 ($66,700,000)
Mongolia 2,058,000 $46,803,000
Mongolia Water 2,430,000 Forthcoming
Morocco 1,695,000 $610,200,000
Morocco Employability and Land 828,000 Forthcoming
Mozambique 2,685,000 $120,900,000
Mozambique Connectivity and Coastal Resilience 57,400,000 $188,400,000
Namibia 1,063,000 $133,800,000
Nepal 28,000,000 Forthcoming
Nicaragua 119,000 $11,500,000
Niger 4,032,000 $103,911,000
Philippines 125,822,000 $159,700,000
Senegal 1,600,000 $85,879,0003
Senegal Power 12,781,000 $675,285,000
Tanzania 5,425,000 $307,845,000
Timor-Leste3 958,000 $81,264,000
Vanuatu 15,000 $83,500,000
Zambia 1,200,000 $62,200,000
Total for All Compacts 381,192,000 $5,417,597,000

Notes:

  1. The table includes estimates for compacts that have been signed and have economic rates of returns (ERRs) from which income benefit calculations can be drawn. The estimates are calculated using information available at the time of publication and may not capture the full count of beneficiaries and net benefits. As such, these estimates are subject to change as the compact is further developed and/or implemented, and new information is available. These estimates do not include the projected beneficiaries of projects or activities that have been terminated or suspended by MCC (Madagascar, Honduras, Nicaragua, Mongolia, Armenia, and Burkina Faso). In the case of Madagascar, the estimates account for the compact’s early termination.
  2. The net present value (NPV) illustrates the net benefits, which subtract the discounted costs from the discounted benefits. MCC cost-benefit analyses report two main summary statistics: the economic rate of return (ERR) and NPV. These provide a more complete picture and allow for comparison across projects.
  3. The estimated number(s) accounts for only a portion of the compact and not the full compact.

MCC Results

Implementation Results by Sector

MCC and its country partners develop and tailor monitoring and evaluation plans for each program. Within these country-specific plans, MCC uses common indicators to standardize measurement and reporting within key investment sectors. See below for a subset of common indicators that summarize implementation achievements across all programs in MCC’s key investment sectors as of December 2023.

Agriculture and Irrigation
Common Indicator Achievements since 2005 Active and Closed Programs Measured
Farmers trained 437,704 Armenia, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde I, El Salvador I, Ghana I, Honduras, Indonesia I, Madagascar, Mali, Moldova, Morocco I, Morocco II, Mozambique, Namibia, Nicaragua, Niger
Farmers who have applied improved practices as a result of training 127,112 Armenia, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde I, El Salvador I, Ghana I, Honduras, Madagascar, Mali, Moldova, Nicaragua, Niger
Enterprises that have applied improved techniques 1,016 Armenia, Burkina Faso, El Salvador I, Ghana I, Madagascar, Moldova, Morocco I
Hectares under improved irrigation 203,963 Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde I, Ghana I, Honduras, Mali, Moldova, Morocco I, Senegal I
Education
Common Indicator Achievements since 2005 Active and Closed Programs Measured
Educational 9facilities constructed or rehabilitated 906 Burkina Faso, El Salvador I, El Salvador II, Georgia II, Ghana I, Mongolia I, Morocco II, Namibia
Instructors trained 13,402 Burkina Faso, El Salvador I, El Salvador II, Georgia II, Guatemala, Mongolia I, Morocco I
Students participating in MCC-supported education activities 483,291 Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, El Salvador I, El Salvador II, Georgia II, Ghana I, Guatemala, Mongolia I, Morocco I, Morocco II, Namibia
Graduates from MCC-supported education activities 80,341 Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, El Salvador I, Georgia II, Guatemala, Mongolia I, Morocco I, Namibia
Energy
Common Indicator Achievements since 2005 Active and Closed Programs Measured
Megawatts of generation capacity added 113 Indonesia I, Liberia, Malawi I
Megavolt amps of substation capacity added 3,750 Benin II, Ghana II, Liberia, Malawi I, Tanzania
Kilometers of electricity lines upgraded or built 7,987
(4,963 miles)		 Benin II, El Salvador I, Ghana II, Indonesia I, Liberia, Malawi I, Senegal II, Tanzania
Customer connections added by project 44,507 El Salvador I, Indonesia I
Land
Common Indicator Achievements since 2005 Active and Closed Programs Measured
Legal and regulatory reforms adopted 135 Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde II, Ghana I, Lesotho I, Madagascar, Mongolia I, Morocco II, Namibia
Land administration offices established or upgraded 399 Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde II, Ghana I, Lesotho I, Madagascar, Mali, Mongolia I, Mozambique I
Land rights formalized 325,778 Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde II, Lesotho I, Mongolia I, Mozambique I, Namibia, Niger, Senegal I
Parcels corrected or incorporated in land system 364,495 Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde II, Ghana I, Lesotho I, Mongolia I, Morocco II, Mozambique I, Namibia, Niger, Senegal I
Transportation
Common Indicator Achievements since 2005 Active and Closed Programs Measured
Kilometers of roads under design 4,773
(2,966 miles)		 Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde I, Cote d’Ivoire, El Salvador I, El Salvador II, Ghana I, Honduras, Moldova, Mongolia I, Mozambique I, Nicaragua, Niger, Philippines, Senegal I, Tanzania, Vanuatu
Kilometers of roads under works contracts 4,281
(2,660 miles)		 Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde I, Cote d’Ivoire, El Salvador I, El Salvador II, Georgia I, Ghana I, Honduras, Mali, Moldova, Mongolia I, Mozambique I, Nicaragua, Niger, Philippines, Senegal I, Tanzania, Vanuatu
Kilometers of roads completed 3,563
(2,214 miles)		 Armenia, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde I, El Salvador I, Georgia I, Ghana I, Honduras, Mali, Moldova, Mongolia I, Mozambique I, Nicaragua, Philippines, Senegal I, Tanzania, Vanuatu
Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene
Common Indicator Achievements since 2005 Active and Closed Programs Measured
Individuals trained in social and behavior change 73,116 Cabo Verde II, El Salvador I, Ghana I, Indonesia I, Mozambique I, Zambia I
Sanitation facilities constructed 32,831 Cabo Verde II, Indonesia I, Lesotho I, Mozambique I
Kilometers of water pipelines constructed or replaced 1,661
(1,032 miles)		 Cabo Verde II, Jordan, Lesotho I, Sierra Leone THP, Zambia I
Millions of liters per day of water production capacity added 220 Liberia, Tanzania

Independent Evaluations

MCC commissions independent evaluations, conducted by third-party evaluators, for every project it funds. These evaluations hold MCC and country partners accountable for the achievement of intended results and produce evidence and learning to inform future programming. They investigate the quality of project implementation, the achievement of the project objective and other targeted outcomes, and the cost-effectiveness of the project.

As of December 2023, MCC has published 46 interim and 135 final independent evaluation reports. The graphs below present the number of interim and final reports that MCC has published, by sector and evaluation type. Impact evaluations estimate changes in outcomes that are attributable to MCC investments. Performance evaluations estimate the contribution of MCC investments to changes in outcomes.

Charts of interim and final evaluation reports published by sector

Evaluation Findings

In 2023, MCC published 11 interim and final evaluations reports that describe the results of MCC’s investments. Some of these evaluation findings are below.

Moldova

MCC funded the $109.7 million Road Rehabilitation Project to rehabilitate and upgrade a 93-kilometer portion of the national M2 Road, connecting Sarateni, northwest of Chisinau, to Soroca, at the northern border with Ukraine. The project also replaced and upgraded associated structures within this segment of the M2, such as bridges, drainage systems, and culverts. The project was completed ahead of schedule, rebuilding 96 kilometers of road (more than the planned 93 kilometers) and coming in $23 million under budget due to new building techniques. Average daily traffic on the M2 Road in 2022 was approximately 4,475 vehicles which transport more than 11,000 road users daily. The rehabilitated road has significantly reduced travel time while at the same time reducing accidents, injuries, and fatalities, making the road both faster and safer.

Georgia

MCC funded the $71 million Improving General Education Quality Project, which aimed to improve the quality of public science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education in grades 7-12. The project invested in rehabilitating education infrastructure and constructing science laboratories in targeted schools. A one-year sequence of training activities was also provided to STEM educators and school directors on a nationwide basis.

School rehabilitation of 91 schools delivered large improvements in classroom walls, ceilings, and floors; installed electrical lighting and central heating; improved classroom temperatures and air quality; upgraded sanitary facilities; and provided new science labs. Teachers and students reported that these upgrades substantially improved comfort and safety at school and addressed multiple barriers to classroom learning. Impacts on learning outcomes were negative or close to zero for schools in their second follow-up year (in part due to school closures in response to COVID-19), but impacts became positive in schools that were in their third, fourth, or fifth follow-up year.

Two years after training, nearly all teachers have continued to report that they are confident or very confident in having enough knowledge to apply the student-centered instruction practices that were part of the project. Practitioner-level teachers (those who had not passed Georgia’s teacher certification exam) also reported large post-training improvements in their use of teaching practices related to students’ critical thinking and collaboration.

El Salvador

MCC funded the $5.3 million Technical Vocational Education Training (TVET) System Reform Activity, which aimed to strengthen the national TVET governance system. More broadly, the activity invested in creating a TVET system that was better aligned with the skills employers demanded, with the objective of increasing the labor productivity of Salvadoran workers. Trainees reported gaining skills relevant for their jobs or the job market in the following sectors: sugar; poultry; information and communications technology; and micro, small and medium enterprises. Female and male trainees had similar perceptions regarding the quality of the training received. Employed trainees noted they had gained skills that improved their job performance. Similarly, trainees who were still enrolled in a degree-granting program perceived that the skills gained in the courses were in demand in the job market.

Liberia

MCC funded the $207 million Energy Sector Project, which included rehabilitating the Mount Coffee Hydropower Plant to generate 75 megawatts of low-cost renewable energy. Activities also included supporting the management services contract to strengthen the Liberia Electricity Corporation’s management and operations capacity, and establishing an independent regulator to accelerate private sector investment in the energy sector.

The power utility estimated connections grew from 35,000 customers in 2018 to 157,000 by March 2022. Despite challenges, the management services contract increased connections, reduced outages, and improved management practices. Power theft remains high and threatens sustainability.

Sector Investments at a Glance

Pie chart of Sector Investments at a Glance

FY 2024 Corporate Goals/Priorities

Goal 1: Deliver a clear and impactful MCC@20 vision
  • Deliver on the MCC@20 vision of (1) where MCC works, (2) how MCC works, and (3) what MCC brings to bear.
  • Tell the MCC story by deepening the knowledge of and communicating MCC’s role, impact, and value-add to key stakeholders.
  • Uphold and reaffirm MCC’s CLEAR values as core to MCC’s operations in FY24 and beyond, fostering an inclusive culture that supports staff, teams, departments, and cross-departmental and agency-wide engagement.

Goal 2: Select, design, deliver, and evaluate high-quality compact, threshold, and regional programs

  • Identify, track, and achieve key milestones in a timely manner with country partners to develop, implement, and evaluate programs on budget and on schedule.
  • Reduce program development timelines: identify, design, test, implement, and learn from solutions to significantly shorten program development timelines while recognizing risk trade-offs and tracking clear metrics to evaluate successes, lessons learned, and impact.
  • Apply transparent country selection system to maintain the pipeline of MCC partner countries including selection of new partners, as well as adherence to standards for economic and democratic governance.
  • Support the completion, dissemination, and internal use of evaluation results and other learning products.

Goal 3: Advance policy priorities where relevant to achieve quality economic growth that is sustainable, inclusive, and private sector-led

  • Incorporate climate change risks and opportunities into MCC programs and operations, consistent with MCC’s Climate Strategy.
  • Expand structurally-excluded groups’ ability to access, participate in, or benefit from MCC programs and projects, consistent with MCC’s Inclusion and Gender Strategy.
  • Crowd-in private investment and expertise around MCC programs to maximize scale and impact, including through partnerships and other USG agencies.

Goal 4: Improve MCC’s operational efficiency and effectiveness, including driving MCC’s agility and responsiveness to both headquarters and overseas staff needs

  • Enhance, streamline, and modernize MCC’s operations in Washington and overseas to increase impact and better manage risk.
  • Ensure MCC and MCA staff are informed about and continue to comply with agency-wide policies and procedures, while reviewing and keeping them updated.
  • Support MCC’s evidence-based culture and provide leadership with feedback that allows for continuous improvement in the quality and speed of strategic decision-making.
  • Advance country ownership of programs and accountability for implementation and results, including through delegation and refinements in processes.

Goal 5: Refine MCC’s human capital and resource capabilities and advance MCC’s Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility (DEIA) Strategy

  • Continue to invest in MCC’s human capital and refine MCC’s human capital strategy, leverage results from surveys to bolster employee engagement, and deploy best practices for effective recruitment and retention.
  • Optimize hybrid modalities that are flexible and facilitate engagement, productivity, and agility while continuing to prioritize the health and safety of staff.
  • Ensure agency resources are well-managed, facilitate delivery of MCC’s mission in the most efficient manner, and are reported accurately.
  • Institutionalize DEIA strategy, programs and related activities, including by pursuing bias mitigation strategies within each department.